The process involves taking overlapping photographs of an object or space and converting them into 2D or 3D digital models. Photogrammetry is the science of extracting 3D information from photographs.
Photogrammetric-based scanners may represent an affordable cost-effective alternative to traditional dental scanners used for the digitalization of plaster models. Smartphone cameras and monoscopic photogrammetry methodology could lead to a novel method of 3D bitemark analysis with an efficient cost and readily available equipment.īackground: Traditional dental scanners require a heavy investment, representing a high barrier of entry into digital dentistry. The numerous advantages of monoscopic photogrammetry may lead to a novel method of 3D bitemark analysis in forensic odontology. However, the currently available method using an intraoral scanner (IOS) requires high-cost specialized equipment and a well-trained operator. 3D imaging technology provides accurate and precise analysis. Various studies utilizing two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) technologies have been developed to obtain an adequate bitemark analysis. Bitemark evidence on human skin and food should be immediately recorded or duplicated to retrieve long-lasting proof, allowing for a sufficient examination period. This review article discusses the potential of a smartphone camera as an alternative method for 3D bitemark analysis.
Bitemark analysis accuracy can be influenced by various factors, including biting pressure, tooth morphology, skin elasticity, dental cast duplication, timing, and image quality. The unique characteristics of dentition are used to find the best match between the existing patterned injury and the suspected perpetrator in bitemark identification.
Bitemark analysis is a challenging procedure in the field of criminal case investigation.
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